What happened when James Meredith attempted to enroll at the University of Mississippi in 1962?

• A. He enrolled as the first Black student at Ole Miss, with federal troops protecting.
• B. He enrolled but without federal intervention.
• C. He was denied admission.
• D. He transferred to another university.

Answer: (A)

Federal enforcement of desegregation in higher education is at the heart of this question. In 1962, James Meredith tried to enroll at the University of Mississippi and faced fierce resistance from state authorities. After federal courts ordered his admission, the federal government stepped in to ensure his safety, with U.S. marshals and then federal troops protecting him as he registered and began classes. He thus became the first Black student at Ole Miss, and his enrollment occurred under federal protection despite violent opposition on campus. This illustrates how federal power was used to enforce civil rights when local governments resisted desegregation.