What were two results of the Civil Rights Movement?

• A. Segregation ended and affirmative action programs were not created.
• B. Affirmative action programs were created to promote opportunities.
• C. Segregation ended and affirmative action programs were created to give African-Americans opportunities in jobs, education and housing.
• D. No significant changes occurred.

Answer: (C)

The main idea being tested is how the Civil Rights Movement changed both laws and opportunities for African Americans. The movement helped dismantle legal segregation, leading to landmark laws that ended de jure segregation in schools, public facilities, and voting, while also protecting equal rights in employment and housing. At the same time, it spurred affirmative action and related efforts aimed at expanding real opportunities—through education, jobs, and housing—for African Americans who had been shut out by discrimination. This combination—ending segregation and creating programs to promote opportunities in multiple areas—captures the two major, practical outcomes of the era.